Elena Rogozina1, Andey Udovitsky2, Ekaterina Ekaterinskaya3, Vladimir Semeikin2, Alexander Sidorik4, Nadezhda Chalaya1, Alla Solovyeva1 and Vadim Khassanov5*
1N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, St. Petersburg, Russia; 2Terra Farm, Kostanay, Kazakhstan; 3Kostanay Engineering and Economics University named after M.Dulatov, Kostanay, Kazakhstan; 4Olzha Agro LLP, Kostanay, Kazakhstan; 5Saken Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
*Corresponding author: vadim.khassanov@mail.ru
Colored-flesh potato is a promising source of natural antioxidants, but the yield stability and biochemical value of newly introduced Kazakh–Russian breeding materials under contrasting environments remain insufficiently characterized. The aim of this study was to evaluate yield performance and 17 tuber biochemical parameters related to nutritional quality and the accumulation of bioactive compounds. The field comparison included six potato genotypes: four colored-flesh Kazakh–Russian materials (Kiru, Travnik, Tanyusha, and Olyushka), the light-fleshed Kazakh cultivar Udovitsky, and the regional purple-fleshed standard Fioletovyi. Trials were conducted at two contrasting locations: Terra farm, Kostanay Region, Republic of Kazakhstan, in 2024, and VIR Pushkin Laboratories, Leningrad Region, Russian Federation, in 2022–2024; biochemical profiling of five Kazakh-bred genotypes included harvests from Kostanay in 2021–2024 and from Leningrad in 2022–2024. All biochemical traits were determined on a fresh-weight basis. Yield ranged from 285.7 ± 58.1 to 884.95 ± 96.55 g/plant; Kiru had the highest mean yield at both sites, reaching 777.25 ± 75.60 g/plant in Kostanay and 884.95 ± 96.55 g/plant in Leningrad. The main bioactive compounds varied widely: anthocyanins ranged from 2.91 to 101.43 mg/100 g FW, total phenolics from 13.97 to 59.34 mg GAE/100 g FW, and antioxidant capacity from 2.82 to 33.09 mg AAE/100 g FW. The maximum values for anthocyanins, phenolics, and antioxidant capacity were recorded in Olyushka grown in the Leningrad Region: 101.43 ± 11.21 mg/100 g FW, 59.34 ± 12.51 mg GAE/100 g FW, and 33.09 ± 6.59 mg AAE/100 g FW, respectively. DPPH radical-scavenging activity reached 14.69 ± 0.80% in Travnik. The novelty of this work is the integrated yield–biochemical characterization of recently introduced Kazakh–Russian colored-flesh potato materials across continental and temperate environments. The results identify Olyushka as a promising source of anthocyanins and phenolics for breeding and functional potato products in northern Kazakhstan, whereas Travnik and Tanyusha are promising high-yielding, nutritionally valuable materials for northwestern Russia.